Digital Violence in South Africa

The Experience of Young Women in a digital world.

Digital violence has become one of the most urgent social issues affecting young people in South Africa. While men can and do experience online harassment, threats, and cyberbullying, research and lived experiences show that digital violence is overwhelmingly centred around women and girls.

This imbalance is rooted in long-standing gender inequalities and social attitudes that devalue the voices, autonomy, and safety of women. Being a 23-year-old woman navigating education, career opportunities, and social relationships, the digital space can be both empowering and emotionally exhausting. Platforms meant to connect people often expose young women to harassment, cyberstalking, body-shaming, misogynistic remarks, and the non-consensual sharing of private images. Though such violence occurs behind screens, its emotional and psychological impact is deeply real - shaping mental health, confidence, and even physical safety.

For many young South African women, digital violence is intertwined with gender norms that suggest women should be quiet, modest, or compliant. When a young woman expresses her opinions online - especially on topics like gender equality, sexuality, or politics - she may face hateful comments designed to silence or intimidate her. Being a young adult woman, we are still forming identities and building our futures, this constant threat can lead to anxiety, depression, or self-censorship. Some women avoid posting photos, limit their online presence, or deactivate accounts entirely. The effects do not remain online: doxing, impersonation, and cyberstalking can spill into real life, leaving women feeling unsafe in their neighbourhoods and social circles. Doxxing is sharing private information to the public.

The older generation also plays a significant role in the persistence of digital violence. Many adults who did not grow up with technology underestimate the seriousness of online harassment and dismiss it as “kids’ issues” or “just social media.” This minimization leaves young women without emotional validation or support when they speak up about abuse. At the same time, some older adults contribute directly to digital violence by spreading rumours on community WhatsApp groups, forwarding sexist or degrading messages, and harshly judging young women’s online behaviour. These actions reinforce harmful stereotypes and normalize disrespect. When older men and women blame the victim - questioning what she posted, wore, or said - they perpetuate a culture where online abuse is tolerated or excused.

Despite the challenges, digital violence is not unavoidable. Ending it requires involvement from individuals, families, institutions, and digital platforms. Education is essential: both younger and older generations must learn about digital safety, online consent, and respectful communication. Tech companies must strengthen their reporting systems, enforce consequences for abusive behaviour, and prioritize the protection of women and girls. Communities and families should take online threats seriously and support young women who experience harm. And on a personal level, we all have a role in challenging harmful behaviour, calling out sexism, and promoting empathy online.

By raising awareness, holding perpetrators accountable, and building digital spaces grounded in respect, South Africa can take meaningful steps toward ending digital violence. While anyone can be a victim, it is crucial to address the unequal impact on women and girls. Every woman and girl deserves to participate freely, confidently, and safely in the digital world.

Alexa Masfen (St Crucis, Beacon Bay, Cape Church)